The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared that monkeypox is a viral disease affecting humans, which has become a global concern. This disease, also known as monkeypox, is transmitted from animals to humans and can also be transmitted between people. This has created a need to better understand its transmission modes, as well as the necessary prevention and care measures to avoid infection.

Although monkeypox is similar to smallpox, its mortality rate is much lower, but it can still cause serious complications. Since its discovery in 1970, outbreaks have been reported in various regions of Africa, and recently, cases have been recorded on other continents, including North America and Europe.

How is Monkeypox Transmitted?

This virus, which belongs to the same family as the smallpox virus, can be transmitted in several ways:

Direct Contact with Infected Animals

Initial transmission usually occurs through direct contact with the blood, body fluids, skin lesions, or mucous membranes of infected animals. In Africa, contact with infected rodents and primates is the main source of infection in humans.

Person-to-Person Contact

Transmission between people can occur through close contact with respiratory secretions, skin lesions of an infected person, or recently contaminated objects. The respiratory tract is a possible entry point for the virus, especially in prolonged face-to-face interactions. Additionally, lesions on the skin or mucous membranes of an infected person can transmit the virus to others if there is direct contact.

Sexual Contact

Although it is not considered a sexually transmitted infection in the strict sense, the monkeypox virus can be transmitted through close physical contact, including intimate contact during sexual relations.

Contaminated Surfaces

The monkeypox virus can survive on contaminated surfaces for a period of time, especially on porous materials like clothing or bed linens. Contact with these contaminated surfaces can lead to infection if the virus comes into contact with a wound on the skin or the mucous membranes of the mouth, nose, or eyes.

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Prevention and Care Tips

Given the concern about the spread of monkeypox, it is important to take measures to protect yourself and prevent infection. Here are some prevention and care tips:

1. Vaccination: Although there is no specific vaccine for monkeypox, vaccination against smallpox can provide some protection, as both diseases are caused by related viruses.
2. Personal Hygiene: Maintaining good personal hygiene is essential to prevent the spread of monkeypox. This includes washing your hands frequently with soap and water, especially after being in contact with animals or sick people. It is also important to avoid touching your face with unwashed hands and to regularly disinfect surfaces and objects that may be contaminated.
3. Avoid Contact with Infected Animals: Direct contact with infected or sick animals, especially rodents and primates, should be avoided. Additionally, it is recommended not to consume wild animal meat and to take precautions when handling animal products such as skins or bones.
4. Use of Protective Equipment: People who work in environments where there is a high risk of exposure to monkeypox should use personal protective equipment, such as gloves and masks, to reduce the risk of infection.
5. Monitoring Symptoms and Seeking Medical Attention: If you have been in contact with someone infected or have traveled to areas where cases have been reported, monitor any symptoms over the following weeks. If you experience fever, headache, muscle pain, fatigue, or an unusual skin rash, seek immediate medical attention. Informing health professionals about your travel and contact history can help them diagnose and manage the disease properly.
6. Education and Awareness: It is important to educate communities about the risks of monkeypox and to promote safe practices to prevent infection. This includes informing people about the symptoms of the disease and encouraging them to seek medical attention if infection is suspected.

While monkeypox may seem concerning, the key lies in prevention and informed action. By following these prevention and care tips, we can reduce the risk of infection and protect our health and that of our communities.

If you have been in risk areas or suspect that you may be experiencing symptoms of this disease, do not hesitate to contact us. Call us at 914-723-4900 or schedule an appointment.